Upregulation
An increase in the number or sensitivity of receptors on a cell surface, often in response to decreased stimulation. Can occur during wash-out periods and is the mechanism behind cycling protocols.
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Related Terms
A decrease in the number or sensitivity of receptors on a cell surface in response to prolonged agonist exposure. Downregulation reduces peptide effectiveness over time and is why cycling is recommended.
CyclingThe practice of using a peptide for a set period (on-cycle) followed by a break (off-cycle) to maintain receptor sensitivity, reduce side effects, and prevent tolerance. Typical cycles range from 4–12 weeks on, 2–4 weeks off.
Washout periodThe time between stopping one peptide protocol and starting another, allowing the compound to be fully eliminated from the body. Typically 5–7 half-lives long.